• S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice 眼睛接触后，立即用大量水冲洗并征求医生意见；
• S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer) 皮肤接触后，立即用大量…（由生产厂家指定）冲洗；
• S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection 穿戴适当的防护服、手套和眼睛/面保护；
• S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) 发生事故时或感觉不适时，立即求医（可能时出示标签）；
• S50 Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer) 不要与……（由生产厂家指定）混合；
• S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet 避免释放到环境中，参考特别指示/安全收据说明书；

• R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas 与酸接触释放出有毒气体
• R34 Causes burns 会导致灼伤
• R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin 对眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤有刺激性
• R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin 对眼睛和皮肤有刺激性
• R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms 对水生生物极毒

• P233 Keep container tightly closed. ?保持容器密闭。
• P273 Avoid release to the environment. 避免释放到环境中。
• P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
• P301+P330+P331
• P305+P351+P338
• P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. 立即呼救解毒中心或医生/医师。

• H400 Verytoxictoaquaticlife 对水生生物毒性非常大。
• H315 Causes skin irritation 会刺激皮肤
• H318 Causes serious eye damage 严重伤害眼睛

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION           : 45 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
   Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
   AEMED3 Annals of Emergency Medicine.  (American College of Emergency
   Physicians, 1125 Executive Circle, Irving, TX 75038)
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,1394,1992

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section
   Skin and Appendages - corrosive (after topical exposure)
REFERENCE :
   HUTODJ Human Toxicology.  (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke,
   Hants., RG 21 2XS, UK) V.1-    1981-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,37,1988

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 5800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
   Gastrointestinal - other changes
REFERENCE :
   SKEZAP Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi.  Food Hygiene Journal.  (Nippon Shokuhin
   Eisei Gakkai c/o Shokuhin Eisei Senta, 2-6-1 Jingumae, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo
   150, Japan)  V.1-    1960-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,553,1986

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION           : 20 ug/disc
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,61,1976

TYPE OF TEST            : Phage inhibition capacity
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION           : 103 ug/well
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 260,349,1991

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mg/plate
REFERENCE :
   AMONDS Applied Methods in Oncology.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1978- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   3,253,1980

TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement.  (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
   Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094)  No.1-    1978-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,41,1980

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TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Human Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 149 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   SNSHBT Senshokutai.  Chromosome.  (Sensyokutai Gakkai, Kaokusai Kirisutokyo
   Daigaku, Mitaka, Tokyo-to, Japan)  No.1-    1946-    Adopted new numbering
   in 1976.  Volume(issue)/page/year: (20),574,1980

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION           : 420 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   AIPAAV Annales de l'Institut Pasteur (Paris).  (Paris, France)  V.1-123,
   1887-1972.  For publisher information, see