CAS 68-26-8 MFCD00001552-Retinol 视黄醇 TAO{mole}

Retinol 视黄醇

CAS 68-26-8 MFCD00001552

化学结构图

SMILES: CC1=C(/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C(C)=C/CO)C(C)(C)CCC1

化学属性

Mol. Formula	C20 H30 O
Mol. Weight	286.45
Melting Point	No Data Available
Density	0.954
Refractive index	1.641
Stability	对光敏感,对湿度敏感
Boiling Point
Flash Point	-26 °C
Appearance	crystalline 淡化色片状结晶，熔点62-64℃，沸点120-125℃（0.667Pa）。易溶于油脂或有机溶剂，不溶于水。热稳定性较好，碱性条件下较稳定，酸性条件下不稳定。遇三氯化锑呈特征蓝色反应，易受紫外线和空气中氧的破坏，与维生素C共存时可得到保护。

别名和识别编码

Chemical Name	Retinol
Synonym	(all-e)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraen 1 2,4,6,8-Nonatetraen-1-ol, 2,4,6,8-Nonatetraen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-y 21 CFR 182,5930 3,7-DIMETHYL-9-(2,6,6-TRIMETHYL-1-CYCLOHEXENYL)-2,4,6,8-NONATETRAEN-1-OL 3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol 3,7-二甲基-9-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯基)-2,4,6,8-壬四烯-1-醇 3,7-二甲基-9-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环已稀) 6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-2 7-二甲基-9-( AXEROPHTHOL Aoral Aquasol A; 3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cycl HI-A-Vita RETINOL ALL TRANS ISOMER TRANS VITAMIN A ALCOHOL TRANS-RETINOL all-trans-Retinol {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {}
MDL Number	MFCD00001552
CAS Number	68-26-8
PubChem Substance ID	329751561
EC Number	200-683-7
Beilstein Registry Number	403040
Chemical Name Translation	视黄醇
Merck Number	13,10073
Wiswesser Line Notation	L6UTJ A1 B1U1Y1&U2U1Y1&U2Q C1 C1
LabNetwork Molecule ID	LN00194008

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产品应用

视黄酸受体（the retinoic acid receptor，RAR) 和类视黄醇受体（the retinoid X receptor，RXR)的配体，作为其转导因子，调控正常和恶性细胞的生长和分化。

安全信息

GHS Symbol

WGK Germany3

Hazard statements

H315 Causes skin irritation 会刺激皮肤
H304 May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways 吞食和进入呼吸道可能致命
H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness 肯能导致嗜睡或头晕
H411 Toxictoaquaticlifewithlonglastingeffects 对水生生物有毒性并具有长期影响。
H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child 怀疑对生育能力或未出生婴儿造成伤害
H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour 高度易燃液体和蒸气
H373 May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure 长期或频繁接触可能会损伤器官
H302 Harmful if swallowed 吞食有害
H413 Maycauselonglastingharmfuleffectstoaquaticlife 可能对水生生物造成长期持续有害影响。
H360 May damage fertility or the unborn child 可能对生育能力或未出生婴儿造成伤害
H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction 可能导致皮肤过敏
H319 Causes serious eye irritation 严重刺激眼睛

Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US), type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

RTECSVH6750000

Signal word Danger

Precautionary statements

P273 Avoid release to the environment. 避免释放到环境中。
P301+P310
P304+P340+P312
P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. 远离热源/火花/明火/热的表面。——禁止吸烟。
P201 Obtain special instructions before use. 使用前获取专门指示。
P331 Do NOT induce vomiting.. 不要催吐。
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 避免吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
P281 Use personal protective equipment as required. 使用所需的个人防护装备。
P305+P351+P338
P308+P313
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。

Hazard Codes T Xn F,Xn,N Xn,N,F

Risk Statements

R38 Irritating to skin 刺激皮肤
R22 Harmful if swallowed 吞咽有害
R61 May cause harm to the unborn child 可能对未出生的婴儿导致伤害
R43 May cause sensitisation by skin contact 皮肤接触会产生过敏反应
R48/20
R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility 有削弱生殖能力的危险
R67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness 蒸汽可能导致嗜睡和昏厥
R51/53
R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed 若吞咽可能伤害肺部器官

Safety Statements

S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice 眼睛接触后，立即用大量水冲洗并征求医生意见；
S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection 穿戴适当的防护服、手套和眼睛/面保护；
S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) 发生事故时或感觉不适时，立即求医（可能时出示标签）；
S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves 穿戴适当的防护服和手套；
S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use 避免接触，使用前获得特别指示说明；

Storage condition - 86 - 86℃ -20°C避光储存。 -86°C 2-8°C

UN Number UN 1208 3/PG 2

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - child
DOSE/DURATION           : 5475 ku/kg/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - pleural effusion
   Gastrointestinal - other changes
   Musculoskeletal - other changes
REFERENCE :
   CPEDAM Clinical Pediatrics (Philadelphia).  (Lippincott/Harper, Journal
   Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740)  V.1-    1962-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,435,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   AVSUAR Acta Dermato-Venereologica, Supplementum.  (Almqvist & Wiksell, POB
   45150, S-10430 Stockholm, Sweden)  No.1-    1929-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   74,29,1975

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 1510 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   51ZKAN "The Retinoids, Vol.2," Sporn, M.B., et al., eds., New York, Academic
   Press, Inc., 1984  Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,287,1984

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 1510 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   JAADDB Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.  (C.V. Mosby Co.,
   11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63141)  1979-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,652,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION           : 8 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 246,67,1991

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM             : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 17 umol/L
REFERE

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM             : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 4 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EJCODS European Journal of Cancer and Clinical Oncology.  (Pergamon Press,
   c/o Elsevier Science, 660 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591)  V.17(7)-
   25, 1981-89.  For publisher information, see EJCAEL Volume(issue)/page/year:
   21,1089,1985

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA inhibition
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 20700 mg/kg/69W (Intermittent)
REFERENCE :
   JJIND8 JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  (Washington, DC)
   V.61-79, 1978-87. For publisher information, see J

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   ONCOBS Oncology.  (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.21- 
     1967-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 44,356,1987

TYPE OF TEST            : DN

TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 4 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EJCODS European Journal of Cancer and Clinical Oncology.  (Pergamon Press,
   c/o Elsevier Science, 660 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591)  V.17(7)-
   25, 1981-89.  For publisher information, see EJCAEL Volume(issue)/page/year:
   21,1089,1985

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 76560 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 8-10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
REFERENCE :
   NTOTDY Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology.  (Fayetteville, NY) V.3-8,
   1981-86.  For publisher information, see NETEEC. Volume(issue)/page/year:
   3,1,1981

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 113 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   PEDIAU Pediatrics.  (American Academy of Pediatrics, P.O. Box 1034,
   Evanston, IL 60204) V.1-    1948-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,556,1954

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE                    : 68 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1-39 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
REFERENCE :
   OBGNAS Obstetrics and Gynecology.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1953- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   43,750,1974

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 145 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental

其他信息

鉴别试验:取试样0.5g，于研钵中研碎，加温水10ml，充分搅拌混合成乳浊状，加10ml乙醇破乳后移入一烧瓶中，再加20ml苯，充分振摇混匀后静置，或经离心分离成两层。取苯层，用20ml水充分振摇洗涤后，分去水层，将苯层在减压下蒸干。将残留物溶于氯仿，配成每ml约含维生素A 10 IU，取其1m1，加5ml三氯化锑试液(TS-33)，应呈蓝色，并旋即褪色。
参考质量标准三:GB 14750—93(维生素A) 含量(标示量的) ≥95.0% 酸值(OT一4) ≤2.0 过氧化值(见“01040") ≤1.5ml
所属类别一:食品添加剂: 营养强化剂: 维生素类
所属类别二:饲料添加剂: 维生素添加剂
含量分析:与“维生素A脂肪酸酯油(01041)”相同。
毒性:GRAS(FDA，§182．5930，2000)。 LD 50 2000mg/kg(大鼠，经口)。
MOL 文件:68-26-8.mol
用途四:维生素A为一种脂溶性维生素，它以游离醛或酯的开式存在于动物性食物中，在脂肪、蛋白、乳法、肝中含量丰富。植物中不含维生素A，但含维生素A的前身（provitamin A），存在于胡萝卜、番茄等蔬菜中，动动物吸收后，可转化成维生素A。维生素A是维持人体生长、发育、生殖和细胞膜的稳定性所必需的，在视觉过程中起重要作用。视网膜中有感强光的感弱光的两种细胞。感弱光的细胞含有一种色素叫视紫红质，它是在暗环境中由顺视黄醛和视蛋白结合而成的，遇光则分解成反视黄醛和视蛋白，并由此相起神经冲动，传入中枢产生视觉。视黄醛在体内因不断代谢而补消耗，需要及时通过氧化维生素A予以补充。当体仙维生素A缺乏时，视紫红质的合成量随之减少，因而使在弱光中视力减退，这就是夜盲症的原因。维生素A与上能上能下细胞的正常结构和功能有关，，缺乏时会导致辞眼结膜、角膜干燥、发炎，甚至失明，还会造成呼吸道上皮受损，容易发生呼吸道感染、毛发脱落、婴儿发育迟缓等。作为营养增补剂的维生档A油是由水产动物的肝脏、幽门垂所得的脂肪油或其浓缩物。将新鲜鱼类肝脏、幽门垂粉碎，加1-2%氢氧化钠溶液至pH8-9。含油量少的原料，另外添加肝油或鱼油作为稀释用油在搅拌下加热30-60min，使组织消化溶解，析出肝渍，离心分离得到维生素A油。也可采用酶解或溶剂萃取、分子蒸馏使浓缩，使产品中维生素A的浓度达原油的7-8倍。因维生素A油不溶于水，通常添加表面活性剂使其能分散于水中。用于香肠、人造奶油、面包、乳制品、果汁粉、花生白脱等。香肠是最适宜添加维生素A的食品，
溶于无水乙醇、甲醇、氯仿、醚、脂肪和油类，实际上不溶于水或甘油。在农药气中不稳定，极易氧化，紫外线能使其失去效价，其溶液显示特有的蓝色荧光，油溶液则相当稳定。容易氧化成维生素A醛（视黄醛）。
用途一:用于制药片和胶囊，在饲料工业中作为维生素类饲料添加剂
F:8-10-16-23
用途五:视黄酸受体（the retinoic acid rec
所属类别三:食品添加剂: 营养强化剂（营养增补剂）: 维生素
食品添加剂最大允许使用量最大允许残留量标准:添加剂中文名称允许使用该种添加剂的食品中文名称添加剂功能最大允许使用量（g/kg）最大允许残留量（g/kg）维生素A（视黄醇或醋酸视黄酯或棕榈酸视黄醇）[维生素类] 乳及乳饮料营养强化剂 600~1000μg（1.维生素A添加量均以视黄醇当量计算 2.1μg视黄醇当量=1μg视黄醇=3.33I.U维生素A 3.如用β-胡萝卜素强化可折成维生素A来表示 4.1μgβ-胡萝卜素=0.167μg视黄醇）维生素A（视黄醇或醋酸视黄酯或棕榈酸视黄醇）[维生素类] 婴幼儿食品、乳制品营养强化剂 3000~9000μg（1.维生素A添加量均以视黄醇当量计算 2.1μg视黄醇当量=1μg视黄醇=3.33I.U维生素A 3.如用β-胡萝卜素强化可折成维生素A来表示 4.1μgβ-胡萝卜素=0.167μg视黄醇）维生素A（视黄醇或醋酸视黄酯或棕榈酸视黄醇）[维生素类] 芝麻油、色拉油、人造奶油营养强化剂 4000~8000μg（1.维生素A添加量均以视黄醇当量计算 2.1μg视黄醇当量=1μg视黄醇=3.33I.U维生素A 3.如用β