CAS 75-00-3 MFCD00000961-Ethyl Chloride 氯乙烷 TAO{mole}

Ethyl Chloride 氯乙烷

CAS 75-00-3 MFCD00000961

化学结构图

SMILES: CCCl

化学属性

Mol. Formula	C2H5Cl
Mol. Weight	64.51
Vapor Density	2.22 (vs air)
Boiling Point	12.3 °C(lit.)
Density	0.775 g/mL at 25 °C
Melting Point	-139 °C(lit.)
Vapor Pressure	20.03 psi ( 55 °C)
Autoignition Point	966 °F
Flash Point	<;-30 °F
Solubility	微溶于水，可混溶于多数有机溶剂。

别名和识别编码

Chemical Name	Chloroethane
Synonym	{uni_hamburg} chloroethane Dublofix NCI-C06224 Cloroetano Monochloräthan C2H5Cl Chlorethyl C₂H₅Cl (chloro-ethane) Cloretilo Chelen Ether chloratus Chlorure d'ethyle 氯乙烷溶液 Chloridu Ether muriatic CHLOROETHANE freon 160 1-Chloroethane Aethylis chloridum Anodynon Ethyl chloride 一氯乙烷 Chlorethan chloro-ethane chloro-ethan Etylu chlorek Ether chloridum Monochloroethane Cloruro di etile 乙基氯 Chloorethaan Äthylchlorid Monochlorethane Hydrochloric ether
CAS Number	75-00-3
PubChem Substance ID	253661890
EC Number	200-830-5
MDL Number	MFCD00000961
Beilstein Registry Number	1730751
Chemical Name Translation	氯乙烷
Merck Number	3782
Wiswesser Line Notation	G2
LabNetwork Molecule ID	LN01741263
Reaxys-RN	1730751
InChI	InChI=1S/C2H5Cl/c1-2-3/h2H2,1H3

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安全信息

GHS Symbol

WGK Germany2

Hazard Codes F+,Xn,T,F F,Xn F+,Xn F,T

Hazard statements

H220 Extremely flammable gas 极易燃气体。
H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour 高度易燃液体和蒸气
H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated 内含高压气体，遇热可能爆炸。
H351 Suspected of causing cancer 怀疑致癌
H412 Harmfutoaquaticlifewithlonglastingeffects 对水生生物有害并具有长期影响。

Precautionary statements

P201 Obtain special instructions before use. 使用前获取专门指示。
P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. 已阅读并理解所有的安全预防措施之前，切勿操作。
P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. 远离热源/火花/明火/热的表面。——禁止吸烟。
P233 Keep container tightly closed. ?保持容器密闭。
P240 Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. 与地面接触/连接集装箱和接受设备。
P241+P242+P243
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 处理后要彻底洗净双手。
P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. 使用本产品时不要吃东西，喝水或吸烟。
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.? 只能在室外或通风良好的地方使用。
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
P281 Use personal protective equipment as required. 使用所需的个人防护装备。
P301+P312+P330
P302+P352+P332+P313+P362+P364
P304+P340+P312
P305+P351+P338+P337+P313
P308+P311
P403+P233
P405 Store locked up. 上锁保管。
P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 处理内容物/容器.....

Signal word Danger

Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US)

RTECSKH7525000

Safety Statements

S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves 穿戴适当的防护服和手套；
S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking 远离火源，禁止吸烟；
S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place 保持容器在通风良好的场所；
S7 Keep container tightly closed 保存在严格密闭容器中；
S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges 对静电采取预防措施；
S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) 发生事故时或感觉不适时，立即求医（可能时出示标签）；
S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice 眼睛接触后，立即用大量水冲洗并征求医生意见；
S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection 穿戴适当的防护服、手套和眼睛/面保护；
S29 Do not empty into drains 不要排入下水道；
S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use 避免接触，使用前获得特别指示说明；
S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet 避免释放到环境中，参考特别指示/安全收据说明书；

Risk Statements

R52/53
R12 Extremely flammable 极端易燃
R40 Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect 有限证据表明其致癌作用
R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
R38 Irritating to skin 刺激皮肤
R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 吸入，皮肤接触及吞食都有毒
R39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 毒性：吸入，皮肤接触和吞食都会产生十分严重的不可逆危险
R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 吸入、皮肤接触和不慎吞咽有害
R19 May form explosive peroxides 可能生成易爆的过氧化物质
R45 May cause cancer 可能致癌
R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin 对眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤有刺激性
R67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness 蒸汽可能导致嗜睡和昏厥
R22 Harmful if swallowed 吞咽有害
R66 Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking 反复接触可能导致皮肤干燥或皴裂

Hazard Class3

Storage condition 0-10°C 2-8°C

UN Number 1993 UN 1993 3/PG 2

Warnings 危化品目录(2015) 危险化学品

TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 15000 ppm/6H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-346,1989

TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 15000 ppm/6H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Liver - tumors
   Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - uterine tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-346,1989

TYPE OF TEST            : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 152 gm/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes
   Behavioral - general anesthetic
   Blood - hemorrhage
REFERENCE :
   TPKVAL Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv.
   Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances.  For English translation,
   see TNICS*.  (Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, Moscow, USSR)  No.1-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,45,1964

TYPE OF TEST            : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 146 gm/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single
   Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects,
   GKNT, 1982  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,66,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 40000 ppm/45M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Behavioral - excitement
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema
REFERENCE :
   XPHBAO U.S. Public Health Service, Public Health Bulletin.  (Washington, DC)
    Volume(issue)/page/year: 185,1,1929

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 pph
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 307,335,1994

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-346,1988

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 2340 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 322,33,1994

TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 60 mg/m3/4H
SEX/DURATION            : male 26 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
   sperm morphology, motility, and count)
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(2),37,1966

Packing GroupII

其他信息

常规方法:极易燃烧，燃烧时发绿色火焰。贮运中严禁泄漏，应使用合格耐压钢瓶或贮罐包装，需保证不使钢瓶跌落、撞击、受热，可用冷盐水（夹套）低温贮运。
{Chemicalbo
下游产品:三氯乙醛 --> 乙草胺 --> 乙基麦
储运特性:库房通风低温干燥; 轻装轻卸、与氧化剂、酸类分开存放
方法二:工业上生产氯乙烷普遍采用乙烯氢氯化法，少数采用乙烷氯化法，极少数采用乙醇法。1.乙烯氢氯化法以乙烯与氯化氢为原料进行加成反应制取。本法技术经济比较合理，有气相法和液相法两种。液相法为在AlCl3等催化剂存在下，用高浓度乙烯在氯乙烷等溶剂中与氯化氢进行反应（30-40℃，253-303kPa），碱洗后进行气液分离，蒸馏得纯品。气相法是以AlCl3、NH4Cl、硅胶等为催化剂，用较低浓度的乙烯乙烷混合气为原料，在130-250℃下反应制取。2.乙烷氯化法工业上以热氯化法为主，即将乙烷在250-500℃、压力202-304kPa下进行氯化反应（副产的氯化氢和乙烯反应，也可制得氯乙烷）。3.乙醇法由乙醇与盐酸在氯化锌存在下反应。原料消耗定额：乙醇（95%）945kg/t、盐酸（30%）2830kg/t、氯化锌90kg/t。另外，将生产三氯乙醛的副产盐酸吸收后的尾气，用98%硫酸干燥，然后经加压、冷冻、液化、精馏提纯，也可得到氯乙烷。
MSDS 信息:氯乙烷(75-00-3).msds
用途二:氯乙烷是杀虫剂甲拌磷、杀菌剂乙蒜素和乙霉威的中间体。
方法一:其制备方法有以下几种。 (1)乙烯和氯化氢加成该方法又分气相法和液相法两种。气相法：乙烯和氯化氢通过三氯化铝、氯化铋催化剂，反应温度130～250℃，得到氯乙烷，再精馏得到产品。 CH 2 =CH 2 +HCl→CH 3 CH 2 Cl 液相法：无水氯化氢和干燥的乙烯通过装有氯乙烯-三氯化铝液体的反应器，于30～40℃，245～294kPa压力下反应，经闪蒸、碱洗、蒸馏得产品。 (2)乙醇法乙醇和氯化氢气体鼓泡通过70％～80%的氯化
图谱信息:氯乙烷(75-00-3)核磁图( 1 HNMR)
防护措施:低毒，但随吸入量的增加，会对心、肾及肝脏有一定毒害。低浓度（1%）有麻醉性，吸入后呈现轻度麻醉症状，如困倦、精神不安、轻度粘膜刺激症状。吸入4%以上，会呈现精神紊乱、呼吸急促、反应消失、神智昏迷等深度麻醉，停药后可苏醒。当浓度达到30%以上时，可因心脏衰竭及呼吸麻痹而致死。豚鼠45分钟吸入MLC0.004。生产及使用时应注意通风、排风、防止外漏。操作人员应戴防护口罩。本品失火时宜用二氧化碳灭火。空气中最高容许浓度2600mg/m3。
毒性分级:中毒
上游原料:乙醇 --> 盐酸 --> 硫酸 --> 氢 --> 氯化锌 --> 硅凝胶 --> 三氯乙醛 --> 结晶紫 --> 催化剂 --> 乙醇95% --> 无水氯化氢 --> 氯化铋
蒸气压:32.29 psi ( 55 °C)
F:4.5-31
外观性质:无色气体，有类似醚样的气味。
方法一:其制备方法有以下几种。 (1)乙烯和氯化氢加成该方法又分气相法和液相法两种。气相法：乙烯和氯化氢通过三氯化铝、氯化铋催化剂，反应温度130～250℃，得到氯乙烷，再精馏得到产品。 CH 2 =CH 2 +HCl→CH 3 CH 2 Cl 液相法：无水氯化氢和干燥的乙烯通过装有氯乙烯-三氯化铝液体的反应器，于30～40℃，245～294kPa压力下反应，经闪蒸、碱洗、蒸馏得产品。 (2)乙醇法乙醇和氯化氢气体鼓泡通过70％～80%的氯化锌水溶液反应，生成氯乙烷粗品，然后再用碱液中和含在氯乙烷中的氯化氢，用浓硫酸干燥氯乙烷中的水分，并洗去醚类，再经冷凝而得成品。 C 2 H 5 OH+HCl[ZnCl 2 ]→C 2 H 5 Cl+H 2 O
用途三:主要用作四乙基铅、乙基纤维素及乙基咔唑染料等的原料。也用作烟雾剂、冷冻剂、局部麻醉剂、杀虫剂、乙基化剂、烯烃聚合溶剂、汽油抗震剂等。还用作聚丙烯的催化剂，磷、硫、油脂、树脂、蜡等的溶剂。农药、染料、医药及其中间体的合成。
MOL 文件:75-00-3.mol