DL-DITHIOTHREITOL DL-二硫苏糖醇

CAS 27565-41-9 MFCD00004877

化学结构图

27565-41-9
SMILES: O[C@@H](CS)[C@@H](O)CS |&1:1,4|

化学属性

Mol. FormulaC4H10O2S2
Mol. Weight154.24
Melting Point41-45
Density1.04 g/mL at 20 °C
Flash Point>110°(230°F)
TSCANo
Boiling Point130
Stability空气及热和湿度敏感
SolubilityH2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless

别名和识别编码

Chemical NameDL-DITHIOTHREITOL
Synonym DITHIOTHREITOL, 1,4- DL-二硫代苏糖醇 溶液 二巯基苏糖醇 1,4-二巯基苏糖醇 CLELAND'S REAGENT, IMMOBILIZED (+/-)-DITHIOTHREITOL DITHIOTHREITOL 1,4-DITHIOTHREITOL DL-Dithiothreitol DL-1,4-DITHIOTHREITOL (R*,R*)-(+-)-1,4-Dimercapto-2,3-butanediol Cleland's Reagent 2,3-Butanediol, 1,4-dimercapto-, (R*,R*)- (+-)- 二硫代苏糖醇 1,4-二巯基-DL-苏糖醇 1,4-二硫代-DL-苏丁醇 2,3-Butanediol, 1,4-dimercapto-, DL-threo- 二硫苏糖醇 DL-1,4-Dithiothreitol
CAS Number3483-12-3
PubChem Substance ID87560306
EC Number222-468-7
Beilstein Registry Number1719757
MDL NumberMFCD00004877
Reaxys-RN1719757
Merck Number3376
Chemical Name TranslationDL-二硫苏糖醇
Wiswesser Line NotationSH1YQYQ1SH -DL, THREO
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分类

  • Biochemicals and Reagents, Chemical Synthesis, Core Bioreagents, Denaturation, Disulfide Bridge Cleavage Reagents, General Reagents, Life Science Reagents for DNA/RNA Electrophoresis, Life Science Reagents for PCR, Life Science Reagents for Western Blotting, Others, Protein Electrophoresis, Proteomics, Reducing Agents, Reduction, Research Essentials, SDS-PAGE, Synthetic Reagents
  • {SNA} Chemical Synthesis,
  • {SNA} Biochemicals, Biochemicals and Reagents, Biological Buffers, Cell Culture, Chemical Synthesis, Core Bioreagents, Denaturation, Dis

产品应用

  • 常用还原剂,有抗氧化作用。DTT和巯基乙醇相比,作用相似,但DTT的刺激性气味要小很多,毒性也比巯基乙醇低很多。而且DTT比巯基乙醇的浓度低7倍时,两者效果相近。但DTT价格略高一些。用作蛋白质巯基保护剂。用于蛋白质二硫键的裂解和顺序分析。

相关文献及参考

  • Cleland, W.W. Biochemistry 3 , 480, (1964) 摘要
  • Ruegg, U.T., Cleavage of disulfide bonds in proteins. Meth. Enzymol. 47 , 111, (1977)
  • Sears, D.W., In the investigation of incremental and kinetic reduction in proteins. Biochemistry 16 , 2031, (1977)
  • MacDonald, R.J., Isolation of RNA using guanidinium salts. Inclusion of a reductant enhances denaturation by breaking intramolecular protein disulfide bonds. Meth. Enzymol. 152 , 219, (1987)
  • Bacarese-Hamilton, A., Prevents the oxidation of cholecystokinin during its extraction from brain and duodenal tissues. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 448 , 571, (1985)
  • Jabusch, J.R., In protein sequence analysis. Anal. Biochem. 91 , 532, (1978)
  • Merck 14 ,3376
  • Beil. 1 ,III,2360
  • Aldrich MSDS 1 , 840:C / Corp MSDS 1 (1), 1483:A / FT-IR 1 (1), 263:C / FT-IR 2 (1), 417:D / FT-NMR 1 (1), 424:A / IR-Spectra (3), 155:E / IR-Spectra (2), 139:A / NMR-Reference 2 (1), 230:B / RegBook 1 (1), 283:C / Sigma FT-IR 1 (2), 534:A / Structure Index 1 , 38:E:8
  • Protective agent for preventing oxidation of thiol groups and reagent for reduction of disulfide groups in proteins: Biochemistry, 3, 480 (1964); 11, 2939 (1972); J. Biol. Chem., 243, 716 (1968); Methods Enzymol., 25, 185 (1967); 143, 246 (1987).

安全信息

GHS Symbol
WGK Germany3
Hazard Codes Xn
Hazard statements
  • H315 Causes skin irritation 会刺激皮肤
  • H335 May cause respiratory irritation 可能导致呼吸道刺激
  • H302 Harmful if swallowed 吞食有害
  • H319 Causes serious eye irritation 严重刺激眼睛
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US), type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves
RTECSXO8576500
Precautionary statements
  • P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
  • P362 Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. 脱掉污染的衣服,清洗后方可重新使用
  • P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 处理后要彻底洗净双手。
  • P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 处理内容物/容器.....
  • P332+P313
Signal word
Storage condition 0-10 0-10°C 极易氧化,2-8℃充氩保存 2-8°C Air Sensitive
Safety Statements
  • S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) 发生事故时或感觉不适时,立即求医(可能时出示标签);
  • S37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection 穿戴适当的手套和眼睛/面保护;
  • S36 Wear suitable protective clothing 穿戴适当的防护服;
  • S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice 眼睛接触后,立即用大量水冲洗并征求医生意见;
Risk Statements
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 169 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   JMCMAR Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.  (American Chemical Soc.,
   Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC
   20037)  V.6-    1963-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,600,1972

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 94 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,1434,1972

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 333 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,1434,1972

TYPE OF TEST            : Micronucleus test
TEST SYSTEM             : Non-mammalian species Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 2 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
   JCLBA3 Journal of Cell Biology.  (Rockefeller Univ. Press, 1230 York Ave.,
   New York, NY 10003) V.12-    1962-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,497,1974

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
   ABCHA6 Agricultural and Biological Chemistry.  (Maruzen Co. Ltd., POB 5050,
   Tokyo International, Tokyo 100-31, Japan)  V.25-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 45,327,1981

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat Liver
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
   ABBIA4 Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.31-    1951-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   166,400,1975

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM             : Microorganism - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
   BBRCA9 Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications.  (Academic
   Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1959-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 77,1150,1977

其他信息

  • 在37℃,0.67Pa时升华。微吸潮。易溶于水、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、氯仿和乙醚。在空气中缓慢氧化。
  • 敏感性:Air Sensitive
  • F:3-10-16-23
  • 用途二:常用还原剂,有抗氧化作用。DTT和巯基乙醇相比,作用相似,但DTT的刺激性气味要小很多,毒性也比巯基乙醇低很多。而且DTT比巯基乙醇的浓度低7倍时,两者效果相近。但DTT价格略高一些。用作蛋白质琉基保护剂。用于蛋白质二硫键的裂解和顺序分析。
  • MOL 文件:3483-12-3.mol
  • 上游原料:乙醇 --> 氢氧化钠 --> 盐酸 --> 甲醇 --> 乙醚 --> 硫酸 --> 乙酸 --> 乙酐 --> 高锰酸钾 --> 硫代乙酸钾 --> 1,4-二溴-2-丁烯
  • 外观性质:白色针状结晶。在37℃,0.67Pa时升华。微吸潮。易溶于水、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、氯仿和乙醚。在空气中缓慢氧化。密度:1.04g/mL at20℃熔点:42-43 °C沸点:125-130 °C (2 mmHg)
  • 常用还原剂:二硫苏糖醇 是一种常用还原剂,又叫二巯基苏糖醇(简称DTT),具有很强的还原性,其还原性很大程度上是由于其氧化状态六元环(含二硫键)的构象稳定性。还原力受pH值的影响,只在pH值大于7的情况下能够发挥还原作用。这是因为只有脱去质子的硫醇盐负离子(-S–)才具有反应活性,硫醇(-SH)则没有;而巯基的pKa一般为~8.3。 二硫苏糖醇对一个典型的二硫键的还原是由两步连续的巯基-二硫键交换反应所组成:其中,第一步反应所形成的中间态很不稳定,因为DTT上的第二个巯基趋向于与被氧化的硫原子连接,使中间态很快被转化为DTT的环状氧化结构,从而完成对二硫键的还原。 由于容易被空气氧化,因此二硫苏糖醇(DTT)的稳定性较差;但冷冻保存或在惰性气体中处理能够延长它的使用寿命。由于质子化的硫的亲核性较低,随着pH值的降低,DTT的有效还原性也随之降低;而Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine HCl(TCEP盐酸盐)可以作为低pH值条件下DTT的替代品,而且也比DTT更为稳定。 二硫苏糖醇有抗氧化作用,它能保护酶分子上的还原性基团,维持还原性环境,稳定酶的活性。DTT中还含有一定RNA酶抑制剂,具有抑制RNA酶活性的作用。具有巯基乙醇(二巯基乙醇)相似的作用,但DTT的刺激性气味要小很多,毒性也比巯基乙醇低很多。而且DTT比巯基乙醇的浓度低7倍时,两者效果相近。但DTT价格略高一些。用作蛋白质琉基保护剂和蛋白质二硫键的裂解和顺序分析。 目前实施的毒物及剧毒物法令将β-巯基乙醇和含有β-巯基乙醇的试剂指定为毒物,二硫苏糖醇具有与β-巯基乙醇同样作用,可保护蛋白质SH基,切断二硫键,因此将逐渐得到相关应用领域的重视。
  • Alfa Aesar:1,4-二硫代-DL-苏糖醇,99% 1,4-Dithio-DL-threitol, 99%(3483-12-3)
  • Sigma Aldrich:3483-12-3(sigmaaldrich)
  • Acros Organics:DL-1,4-二硫苏糖醇 DL-1,4-Dithiothreitol, for biochemistry, 99%(3483-12-3)
  • 用途一:分子生物学。
  • 存储注意事项:湿度敏感;惰性气体保护
  • 二硫苏糖醇价格(试剂级):更新日期 产品编号 产品名称 包装 价格 2011/08/23 63002681 二硫代苏糖醇(+4℃) 100g 4550元 2011/04/16 D1071 DL-二硫苏糖醇 DL-Dithiothreitol 1G 469元 2011/04/16 D1071 DL-二硫苏糖醇 DL-Dithiothreitol 25G 4190元

系列性分类


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